Cylindrical Superlens by a Coordinate Transformation

Cylinder-shaped perfect lens deduced from the coordinate transformation method is proposed. The previously reported perfect slab lens is noticed to be a limiting form of the cylindrical lens when the inner radius approaches infinity with respect to the lens thickness. Connaturality between a cylindrical lens and a slab lens is affirmed by comparing their eigenfield transfer functions. We numerically confirm the subwavelength focusing capability of such a cylindrical lens with consideration of material imperfection. Compared to a slab lens, a cylindrical lens has several advantages, including finiteness in cross-section, and ability in lensing with magnification or demagnification. Immediate applications of such a cylindrical lens can be in high-resolution imaging and lithography technologies. In addition, its invisibility property suggests that it may be valuable for non-invasive electromagnetic probing.Comment: Minor changes to conform with the published versio

Measure of multipartite entanglement with computable lower bounds

In this paper, we present a measure of multipartite entanglement ($k$-nonseparable), $k$-ME concurrence $C_{k-\mathrm{ME}}(\rho)$ that unambiguously detects all $k$-nonseparable states in arbitrary dimensions, where the special case, 2-ME concurrence $C_{2-\mathrm{ME}}(\rho)$, is a measure of genuine multipartite entanglement. The new measure $k$-ME concurrence satisfies important characteristics of an entanglement measure including entanglement monotone, vanishing on $k$-separable states, convexity, subadditivity and strictly greater than zero for all $k$-nonseparable states. Two powerful lower bounds on this measure are given. These lower bounds are experimentally implementable without quantum state tomography and are easily computable as no optimization or eigenvalue evaluation is needed. We illustrate detailed examples in which the given bounds perform better than other known detection criteria.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Non-vanishing Berry Phase in Chiral Insulators

The binary compounds FeSi, RuSi, and OsSi are chiral insulators crystallizing in the space group P2_13 which is cubic. By means of ab initio calculations we find for these compounds a non-vanishing electronic Berry phase, the sign of which depends on the handedness of the crystal. There is thus the possibility that the Berry phase signals the existence of a macroscopic electric polarization due to the electrons. We show that this is indeed so if a small external magnetic field is applied in the [111]-direction. The electric polarization is oscillatory in the magnetic field and possesses a signature that distinguishes the handedness of the crystal. Our findings add to the discussion of topological classifications of insulators and are significant for spintronics applications, and in particular, for a deeper understanding of skyrmions in insulators